C++

C++ was initially designed as an extension of C and adds object oriented and meta programming features. Like C it is a statically typed imperative language, but in addition it provides many high level features such as exceptions and libraries.

C++ is generally compiled and compilers exist for many platforms, however due to the complexity of the C++ standard, compilers don't always behave the same way.

Why would I learn this language?

C++ is in some ways a super-set of C. It was originally called "C with Objects". It adds many advanced language features such as classes, namespaces, exceptions and meta-programming.

C++ has many of the same issues as C, but it also adds many new issues (complex syntax and semantic behavior). On the whole, however, it is a useful language which is used in many different industries.

C++ provides a useful level of abstraction and performance, and is used in both application development. The majority of computer games are written using C++.

Starting Points

C++ Language Tutorial
A beginner guide to programming in C++.
An Introduction to GCC
A manual that provides an introduction to the GNU C and C++ compilers.

Example Code

The following is an example of the Fizz Buzz problem. You can run and edit this program here.

#include <iostream>

int main(){
  
  
  for(int i = 1; i <=100; i++){

    if(i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 == 0){
      std::cout << "FizzBuzz\n";
    }
    else if(i % 3 == 0){
      std::cout << "Fizz\n";
    }
    else if(i % 5 == 0){
      std::cout << "Buzz\n";
    }
    else{
      std::cout << i << "\n";
    }
  }
  
  return 0 ;
  
}

The following is an example of the 100 doors problem. You can run and edit this program here.

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

void doors (int n)
{
	// Initialize a vector of n boolean values
	std::vector<bool> is_open(n);

	// Process the doors
	for (int pass = 0; pass < n; ++pass)
		for (int door = pass; door < n; door += pass+1)
			is_open[door].flip();

	// Print out the results
	for (int door = 0; door < n; ++door)
		std::cout << "Door #" << door+1 << (is_open[door] ? " is open." : " is closed.") << std::endl;
}

int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
	// Call the doors function with n = 100
	doors(100);
	
	return 0;
}

Further Reading

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